What is Sudden Hearing Loss?

Sudden hearing loss is a condition in which a person experiences a sudden and significant decrease in hearing in one or both ears. This can occur over the course of a few hours or a few days and can be a frightening and disorienting experience for those who experience it. As an audiologist, it is important for me to educate patients about sudden hearing loss, its causes and the potential treatments available.

There are many potential causes of sudden hearing loss, including:

• Viral infections: Certain viral infections can cause sudden hearing loss, including the flu and the herpes virus.
• Inner ear disorders: Disorders of the inner ear, such as Meniere’s disease or autoimmune inner ear disease, can cause sudden hearing loss.
• Trauma: Trauma to the head or ear can cause sudden hearing loss.
• Medications: Certain medications, such as antibiotics or chemotherapy drugs, can cause sudden hearing loss as a side effect.
• Vascular disorders: Disorders affecting blood flow to the inner ear, such as a stroke or thrombosis, can cause sudden hearing loss.

It is important to note that in many cases, the cause of sudden hearing loss is unknown. This is known as idiopathic sudden hearing loss and accounts for about half of all cases.

What Are the Symptoms of Sudden Hearing Loss?

The symptoms of sudden hearing loss can vary depending on the severity of the loss and the underlying cause. Some common symptoms include:

• Sudden hearing loss in one or both ears.
• Tinnitus, or ringing in the ears.
• A feeling of fullness in the affected ear.
• Dizziness or vertigo.
• Difficulty understanding speech.

If you experience any of these symptoms, it is important to see an audiologist as soon as possible.

How is Sudden Hearing Loss Diagnosed?

If you suspect you may be experiencing sudden hearing loss, your audiologist will conduct a thorough evaluation to determine the cause and extent of your hearing loss. This may include a hearing test, a physical examination of the ear and possibly additional testing such as a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography scan (CT) scan.

What Are the Treatments for Sudden Hearing Loss?

The treatment for sudden hearing loss will depend on the underlying cause of the loss. In some cases, the hearing loss may resolve on its own within a few days or weeks. However, in other cases, prompt treatment is necessary to prevent permanent hearing loss. Treatments for sudden hearing loss may include:

• Medications: Depending on the underlying cause of the hearing loss, medications such as steroids or antiviral drugs may be prescribed to help restore hearing.
• Hearing aids: If the hearing loss is permanent, hearing aids can help to amplify sound and improve communication.
• Vestibular rehabilitation: If dizziness or vertigo is a symptom of sudden hearing loss, vestibular rehabilitation exercises can help to improve balance and reduce symptoms.

Sudden hearing loss is a serious condition that requires prompt evaluation and treatment by an audiologist. If you experience a sudden decrease in hearing or other symptoms, do not hesitate to seek medical attention. With proper treatment, many cases of sudden hearing loss can be successfully treated or managed.